Iguana

Iguanas are lizards native to tropical areas of Central and South America and the Caribbean. Genus iguana includes the Green Iguana, commonly kept as a pet, and the Lesser Antillean Iguana.

The term "Iguana" can also refer to other members of the lizard family Iguanidae; however, this article only concerns members of the genus iguana.

Iguanas can be considered an invasive species in South Florida and along the gulf coast of Florida, especially on Gasparilla Island (where there is an estimated population of over 12000). This is due to a combination of escaped and intentionally released iguanas which have survived and then thrived in their new habitat. They commonly hide in the attics of houses and on beaches and often destroy gardens. As an introduced species, they contribute to natural habitat loss, spread salmonella, and may be responsible for the recent decline of the gopher tortoise. An interesting thing is that they can by unknown means end their own life, probably by releasing toxins.

Iguanas live in tropical rainforest areas, mostly in lower altitudes in areas near water sources, like rivers or streams. They spend most of their time high in the forest canopy, about 40-50 feet above the ground.
 

Iguana Video

Iguanas are regarded as omnivores, but usually consume plants, mainly leaves and fruits. Sometimes iguanas (especially younger ones) eat eggs, insects and other smaller vertebrates. Although Green Iguanas in captivity will eat animal food if presented with it, excessive consumption of animal protein may result in severe health problems and possible premature death. Another problem with domesticated diet is lack of variety. Many people tend to feed them just lettuce, which provides iguanas with plenty of water but has little or no other nutritional value. Several pet stores also sell iguana food pellets, however these should always be supplemented with a diet of fresh leafy vegetables (such as mustard greens, collard greens, and kale) and other types of fresh fruits and vegetables.

For an article on the information on the species of iguana most commonly kept as pets, see green iguana.